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    © 2025 Veeto.
    SB-53
    Technology & Innovation

    Artificial intelligence models: large developers.

    Engrossed
    CA
    ∙
    2025-2026 Regular Session
    1
    4
    Track
    Track

    Key Takeaways

    • Requires large AI developers to publish safety protocols and undergo annual third-party safety audits by 2030.
    • Establishes CalCompute, a public cloud computing platform to advance safe and ethical artificial intelligence.
    • Creates whistleblower protections for employees who report AI safety risks at large tech companies.
    • Authorizes civil penalties up to $10 million for companies that knowingly create catastrophic AI risks.

    Summary

    Senator Wiener's comprehensive artificial intelligence legislation establishes new oversight requirements for large AI developers in California while creating a public computing infrastructure to advance ethical AI development. The Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act requires developers of foundation models to publish detailed safety protocols, undergo annual third-party audits, and report critical safety incidents to the Attorney General.

    The legislation defines foundation models as AI systems trained on broad datasets that can adapt to various tasks. Large developers - those using substantial computing power and earning over $100 million annually - must document their testing procedures for assessing catastrophic risks, including potential malfunctions or loss of control that could cause significant harm. Starting in 2030, these developers must retain independent auditors to evaluate their compliance with safety protocols and submit summary reports to state authorities.

    A new consortium within the Government Operations Agency will develop a framework for CalCompute, a public cloud computing cluster aimed at expanding access to AI research capabilities. The 14-member group, including representatives from academia, labor organizations, and technical experts, must submit implementation recommendations by 2027 addressing governance, costs, and workforce development.

    The bill also strengthens protections for employees who report potential catastrophic risks or violations by large AI developers. Companies must establish anonymous reporting channels and cannot retaliate against workers who disclose safety concerns to management or government authorities. The Attorney General can impose graduated civil penalties ranging from $10,000 to $10 million for violations, with enforcement provisions allowing successful plaintiffs to recover attorney fees.

    Key Dates

    Next Step
    Referred to the Assembly Standing Committee on Appropriations
    Next Step
    Assembly Committee
    Referred to the Assembly Standing Committee on Appropriations
    Hearing scheduled for , 1021 O Street, Room 1100
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    Do pass as amended and be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations]
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass and be re-referred to the Committee on [Privacy and Consumer Protection]
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass and be re-referred to the Committee on [Privacy and Consumer Protection]
    Vote on Senate Floor
    Senate Floor
    Vote on Senate Floor
    Senate 3rd Reading SB53 Wiener
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Do pass as amended
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Placed on suspense file
    Senate Judiciary Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass, but first be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] with the recommendation: To Consent Calendar
    Senate Governmental Organization Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Governmental Organization Hearing
    Do pass as amended, but first amend, and re-refer to the Committee on [Judiciary]
    Introduced
    Senate Floor
    Introduced
    Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.

    Contacts

    Profile
    Scott WienerD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Joaquin ArambulaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Buffy WicksD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Susan RubioD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Lisa CalderonD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    0 of 17 row(s) selected.
    Page 1 of 4
    Select All Legislators
    Profile
    Scott WienerD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Profile
    Joaquin ArambulaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Buffy WicksD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Susan RubioD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Profile
    Lisa CalderonD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Mike FongD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Diane DixonR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Gregg HartD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Blanca PachecoD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Gail PellerinD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Kate SanchezR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Tri TaR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Jessica CalozaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Mark GonzalezD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Heather HadwickR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Jose SolacheD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Sade ElhawaryD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member

    Get Involved

    Act Now!

    Email the authors or create an email template to send to all relevant legislators.

    Introduced By

    Scott Wiener
    Scott WienerD
    California State Senator
    Co-Author
    Susan Rubio
    Susan RubioD
    California State Senator
    40% progression
    Bill has passed all readings in its first house and is ready to move to the other house (5/28/2025)

    Latest Voting History

    View History
    July 16, 2025
    PASS
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    AyesNoesNVRTotalResult
    100515PASS

    Key Takeaways

    • Requires large AI developers to publish safety protocols and undergo annual third-party safety audits by 2030.
    • Establishes CalCompute, a public cloud computing platform to advance safe and ethical artificial intelligence.
    • Creates whistleblower protections for employees who report AI safety risks at large tech companies.
    • Authorizes civil penalties up to $10 million for companies that knowingly create catastrophic AI risks.

    Get Involved

    Act Now!

    Email the authors or create an email template to send to all relevant legislators.

    Introduced By

    Scott Wiener
    Scott WienerD
    California State Senator
    Co-Author
    Susan Rubio
    Susan RubioD
    California State Senator

    Summary

    Senator Wiener's comprehensive artificial intelligence legislation establishes new oversight requirements for large AI developers in California while creating a public computing infrastructure to advance ethical AI development. The Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act requires developers of foundation models to publish detailed safety protocols, undergo annual third-party audits, and report critical safety incidents to the Attorney General.

    The legislation defines foundation models as AI systems trained on broad datasets that can adapt to various tasks. Large developers - those using substantial computing power and earning over $100 million annually - must document their testing procedures for assessing catastrophic risks, including potential malfunctions or loss of control that could cause significant harm. Starting in 2030, these developers must retain independent auditors to evaluate their compliance with safety protocols and submit summary reports to state authorities.

    A new consortium within the Government Operations Agency will develop a framework for CalCompute, a public cloud computing cluster aimed at expanding access to AI research capabilities. The 14-member group, including representatives from academia, labor organizations, and technical experts, must submit implementation recommendations by 2027 addressing governance, costs, and workforce development.

    The bill also strengthens protections for employees who report potential catastrophic risks or violations by large AI developers. Companies must establish anonymous reporting channels and cannot retaliate against workers who disclose safety concerns to management or government authorities. The Attorney General can impose graduated civil penalties ranging from $10,000 to $10 million for violations, with enforcement provisions allowing successful plaintiffs to recover attorney fees.

    40% progression
    Bill has passed all readings in its first house and is ready to move to the other house (5/28/2025)

    Key Dates

    Next Step
    Referred to the Assembly Standing Committee on Appropriations
    Next Step
    Assembly Committee
    Referred to the Assembly Standing Committee on Appropriations
    Hearing scheduled for , 1021 O Street, Room 1100
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    Do pass as amended and be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations]
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass and be re-referred to the Committee on [Privacy and Consumer Protection]
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass and be re-referred to the Committee on [Privacy and Consumer Protection]
    Vote on Senate Floor
    Senate Floor
    Vote on Senate Floor
    Senate 3rd Reading SB53 Wiener
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Do pass as amended
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Appropriations Hearing
    Placed on suspense file
    Senate Judiciary Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Judiciary Hearing
    Do pass, but first be re-referred to the Committee on [Appropriations] with the recommendation: To Consent Calendar
    Senate Governmental Organization Hearing
    Senate Committee
    Senate Governmental Organization Hearing
    Do pass as amended, but first amend, and re-refer to the Committee on [Judiciary]
    Introduced
    Senate Floor
    Introduced
    Introduced. Read first time. To Com. on RLS. for assignment. To print.

    Latest Voting History

    View History
    July 16, 2025
    PASS
    Assembly Committee
    Assembly Privacy And Consumer Protection Hearing
    AyesNoesNVRTotalResult
    100515PASS

    Contacts

    Profile
    Scott WienerD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Joaquin ArambulaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Buffy WicksD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Susan RubioD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    Profile
    Lisa CalderonD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Not Contacted
    Not Contacted
    0 of 17 row(s) selected.
    Page 1 of 4
    Select All Legislators
    Profile
    Scott WienerD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Profile
    Joaquin ArambulaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Buffy WicksD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Susan RubioD
    Senator
    Bill Author
    Profile
    Lisa CalderonD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Mike FongD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Diane DixonR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Gregg HartD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Blanca PachecoD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Gail PellerinD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Kate SanchezR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Tri TaR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Jessica CalozaD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Mark GonzalezD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Heather HadwickR
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Jose SolacheD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member
    Profile
    Sade ElhawaryD
    Assemblymember
    Committee Member