Energy storage systems.

Senator Laird's Clean Energy Safety Act of 2025 establishes comprehensive safety standards for stationary energy storage systems in California by requiring compliance with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 855 Standard. The legislation mandates that energy storage facilities capable of storing 200 megawatt-hours or more must be constructed in dedicated-use noncombustible buildings or as outdoor installations, with designs meeting or exceeding NFPA 855 requirements.

The bill creates a multi-layered approval process for new energy storage projects. Developers must consult with local fire departments at least 30 days before submitting applications, documenting discussions about system design and emergency response plans. After installation but before operation, systems must undergo inspection by either the local fire department or State Fire Marshal representatives, with costs borne by the applicant. The California Building Standards Commission and Office of the State Fire Marshal must incorporate these requirements into the next Building Standards Code update after July 2026.

Local jurisdictions retain authority to implement more protective measures while adhering to the statewide minimum standards. The legislation applies uniformly across all California municipalities, including charter cities, reflecting the Legislature's determination that energy storage system safety constitutes a matter of statewide concern rather than a municipal affair. While local agencies can levy fees to cover implementation costs, the Commission on State Mandates will evaluate whether additional state reimbursement is required for other mandated expenses.