Electric bicycles.

Senator Blakespear's legislation overhauls California's regulation of electric bicycles and introduces a new vehicle classification for low-power mopeds, establishing distinct operational requirements and safety standards for each category.

The bill redefines electric bicycle classifications while creating more stringent labeling requirements. Starting July 2026, manufacturers must permanently etch or engrave each electric bicycle with its brand name, manufacturer details, classification number, top assisted speed, and motor wattage. The legislation prohibits vehicles from being marketed as electric bicycles if they exceed 750 watts of power or can provide assistance at speeds above 28 miles per hour.

For the newly created low-power moped category, the bill establishes licensing requirements based on age - riders under 18 must possess a Class M1 or M2 license, while those 18 and older need any valid driver's license. Low-power mopeds may only operate on roads with speed limits of 35 mph or less, must stay as close as practicable to the right curb, and cannot be used on sidewalks or bike paths. The bill mandates that manufacturers label these vehicles to clearly distinguish them from electric bicycles.

The legislation also addresses enforcement by requiring peace officers to document all available vehicle marking information in crash reports involving electric bicycles. Local authorities retain the ability to regulate parking and operation of low-power mopeds on their streets, provided such rules do not conflict with state law. Any two or three-wheeled device that does not meet the definitions established in the Vehicle Code may only be operated on private property or designated off-highway areas.