Technology & Innovation

Requires state agencies to establish human oversight of artificial intelligence systems managing critical infrastructure. Mandates specialized AI safety training for personnel overseeing critical infrastructure systems. Requires annual safety assessments of AI systems that could impact transportation, energy, and emergency services. Exempts existing automated systems from oversight requirements if human monitoring would destabilize operations.

Establishes a state registry system for AI auditors who evaluate artificial intelligence systems in California. Requires AI auditors to enroll with the state, pay fees, and follow strict reporting requirements by January 2027. Prohibits AI auditors from working for companies they audit within 12 months before or after an audit. Creates a public reporting system for misconduct by AI auditors and mandates 10-year retention of audit records.

Establishes a new program providing $20 monthly internet subsidies for low-income California households. Requires internet providers to offer qualifying plans for no more than $10 per month to eligible households. Creates a dedicated state fund to support affordable home internet access through telephone line fees. Mandates the Public Utilities Commission to implement the program by July 2027.

Establishes private regulatory organizations to certify and monitor AI systems for safety and compliance in California. Requires AI developers to meet safety standards and undergo audits to receive certification from designated organizations. Provides legal protection from liability if AI systems were certified at the time of incident. Mandates annual reporting on AI risks, benefits, and certification results to the Legislature and Attorney General.

Establishes a state board to regulate artificial intelligence systems that interact with or affect children. Requires AI developers to assess and label their products based on risk levels to children by July 2028. Prohibits AI systems that manipulate children's emotions or collect biometric data without parental consent. Allows children harmed by AI systems to sue for damages and sets $25,000 penalties per violation.

Requires California to develop a statewide AI cybersecurity playbook by July 2026 to combat emerging threats. Mandates information sharing between state AI contractors about potential cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Establishes strict confidentiality rules for shared cybersecurity threat information. Creates a dedicated cyber incident response team to detect and address threats across California.

Requires all autonomous vehicles made after 2028 to be zero-emission vehicles. Mandates autonomous vehicles to detect and alert owners about unattended children or pets inside. Criminalizes unauthorized modifications that convert regular vehicles into autonomous vehicles. Establishes new licensing requirements and a regulatory fund for autonomous vehicle oversight.

Requires AI systems with over 1 million monthly users to provide free detection tools for AI-generated content. Mandates large online platforms to retain and display provenance data that verifies content authenticity. Requires device manufacturers to include provenance data capture features in cameras and recording devices. Imposes $5,000 daily penalties for violations, enforceable by state and local attorneys.

Authorizes autonomous vehicles to display special marker lamps starting January 2026 to indicate when self-driving is active. Requires autonomous vehicle manufacturers to maintain $5 million in insurance coverage for testing and operation. Mandates that autonomous vehicles store sensor data for 30 seconds before any collision for three years. Requires all new autonomous vehicles under 8,501 pounds to be zero-emission vehicles starting January 2030.

Requires developers to assess high-risk AI systems for discrimination before public deployment starting 2026. Mandates companies notify individuals when AI systems are used to make decisions affecting them. Prohibits state agencies from contracting with companies that violate AI discrimination laws. Authorizes penalties up to $25,000 per violation for companies that discriminate using AI systems.

Establishes a new Department of Broadband and Digital Equity to centralize state oversight of broadband programs by July 2027. Creates an 11-member Broadband and Digital Equity Commission to guide policy and oversee the department's activities. Transfers control of broadband funds and programs from the Public Utilities Commission to the new department. Requires maintaining an interactive map showing broadband availability and allowing public reporting of service issues.

Requires AI developers to document and disclose copyrighted materials used to train their AI models. Mandates developers to respond to copyright owners' information requests within 7 days. Establishes penalties of $1,000 per violation for developers who fail to provide required information. Exempts developers who make all their AI training data publicly available at no cost.

Requires automated online accounts using AI to disclose they are bots when first communicating with users. Mandates bots to answer truthfully when asked if they are human or automated. Authorizes state officials to impose $1,000 fines per violation of bot disclosure requirements.

Establishes safety regulations for AI companion chatbots to protect users from psychological harm. Requires operators to implement suicide prevention protocols and refer users to crisis services. Mandates regular notifications reminding users they are interacting with artificial intelligence. Requires annual reporting of suicide-related incidents and third-party compliance audits.

Requires California internet providers to offer $15 monthly high-speed internet plans to low-income households. Mandates minimum speeds of 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload for affordable internet plans. Requires providers to actively promote and advertise these affordable plans to eligible households. Establishes annual reporting requirements to track program effectiveness starting January 2027.

Prohibits defendants from claiming AI systems autonomously caused harm in civil lawsuits. Establishes a legal definition of artificial intelligence for civil liability cases. Applies to all AI systems made available to Californians since January 2022.

Establishes CalCompute, a public cloud computing platform to advance safe and ethical AI development in California. Creates whistleblower protections for employees who report critical AI safety risks at major AI companies. Requires AI companies to provide anonymous reporting systems for employees who identify potential catastrophic risks. Mandates a 14-member consortium to develop CalCompute's framework and submit recommendations by January 2027.

Prohibits autonomous vehicles from delivering commercial goods without a human operator present in California. Imposes civil fines up to $25,000 for each violation of the autonomous delivery prohibition. Requires DMV to evaluate autonomous delivery vehicle safety and job impacts by January 2031. Prevents deployment permits for driverless delivery vehicles until authorized by future legislation.